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American College Testing

ACT Exam Format & Syllabus

Everything you need to know about the ACT structure, sections, question types, and topics tested.

At a Glance

FormatPaper or Computer
Sections4
Total Questions215
Total Time174 minutes

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Section Breakdown

Detailed breakdown of each section, including timing, question count, and module structure

English

75 questions · 45 minutes

Passage-based

Full Section

Standard
Questions75
Time per question36 seconds
Total time45 minutes

Question Type Distribution

Question TypeCount
Punctuation10
Grammar & Usage12
Sentence Structure18
Organization11
Style & Tone12
Effective Language Use12
Total75

Passage Structure

5 passages · 15 questions per passage

Mathematics

60 questions · 60 minutes

Full Section

Standard
Questions60
Time per question60 seconds
Total time60 minutes

Question Type Distribution

Question TypeCount
Pre-Algebra14
Elementary Algebra10
Intermediate Algebra9
Coordinate Geometry9
Plane Geometry14
Trigonometry4
Total60

Reading

40 questions · 35 minutes

Passage-based

Full Section

Standard
Questions40
Time per question52 seconds
Total time35 minutes

Question Type Distribution

Question TypeCount
Main Idea8
Detail Retrieval8
Inference8
Vocabulary in Context4
Author Purpose & Tone4
Structure4
Comparative Reasoning4
Total40

Passage Structure

4 passages · 10 questions per passage

Literary NarrativeSocial ScienceHumanitiesNatural Science

Science

40 questions · 35 minutes

Passage-based

Full Section

Standard
Questions40
Time per question52 seconds
Total time35 minutes

Question Type Distribution

Question TypeCount
Data Representation15
Research Summaries18
Conflicting Viewpoints7
Total40

Passage Structure

7 passages · 6 questions per passage

Data RepresentationResearch SummariesConflicting Viewpoints

Complete Syllabus

All topics and skills tested on the ACT

English

Production of Writing

  • Topic Development — Purpose, focus, organization
  • Unity and Cohesion — Logical transitions, sentence flow

Knowledge of Language

  • Style and Tone — Word choice, precision, conciseness
  • Effective Language Use — Idiom, register, clarity

Conventions of Standard English

  • Punctuation — Commas, apostrophes, colons, semicolons, dashes
  • Grammar and Usage — Subject-verb agreement, pronoun case, verb forms
  • Sentence Structure — Fragments, run-ons, modifier placement, parallelism

Mathematics

Pre-Algebra

  • Basic operations, fractions, decimals, percentages
  • Number concepts, factors, multiples, primes
  • Absolute value, exponents, square roots

Elementary Algebra

  • Linear equations and inequalities
  • Systems of equations
  • Quadratic expressions and equations

Intermediate Algebra

  • Rational and radical expressions
  • Complex numbers
  • Functions and their graphs
  • Sequences and series

Coordinate Geometry

  • Graphing lines, parabolas, circles
  • Distance and midpoint formulas
  • Slope, intercepts, parallel and perpendicular lines

Plane Geometry

  • Angles, triangles, quadrilaterals, circles
  • Area, perimeter, volume
  • Congruence and similarity

Trigonometry

  • Right triangle trigonometry
  • Trigonometric functions and identities
  • Graphs of trigonometric functions

Reading

Key Ideas and Details

  • Main idea and central themes
  • Detail retrieval and summary
  • Inference and implicit meaning

Craft and Structure

  • Vocabulary in context
  • Author purpose, tone, and perspective
  • Text structure and organization

Integration of Knowledge and Ideas

  • Comparative reasoning across passages
  • Evaluating arguments and evidence
  • Analyzing claims and counterclaims

Science

Data Representation

  • Interpreting graphs, tables, and charts
  • Reading and analyzing scientific data
  • Identifying trends and patterns

Research Summaries

  • Understanding experimental design
  • Analyzing procedures and results
  • Drawing conclusions from experiments

Conflicting Viewpoints

  • Comparing alternative hypotheses
  • Evaluating evidence for competing theories
  • Identifying points of agreement and disagreement

Scoring

How the ACT is scored

Each Section

1–36

Score range per section

Composite Score

1–36

Average of 4 section scores

Writing (Optional)

2–12

Scored separately, does not affect composite

Scoring: Your raw score (number correct) is converted to a scaled score of 1–36 per section. The composite is the average of English, Math, Reading, and Science rounded to the nearest whole number. There is no penalty for guessing.

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